Radio apparatus



J. A. HANSON RADIO APPARATUS Aug. 20, 1929.

Filed Sept. 9. 1924 R m m m Jo/m ,4. //4n50n. 11 MW A ORNEY.

Patented Aug. 20, 1929.

UNITED STATES JOHN A; IIANBON, 0F HUNTERS; WASHINGTON.

-RADIO APPARATUS.

Application riled September 9, 19'24. serieine; 736,726.

This invention pertains to apparatus for receiving forces to be used in connection with electric and radio appliances and has for its object to provide an apparatus that will operate in connection with a radio receiving set without ground connections. The apparatus comprises a construction in annular form embodying an insulated iron core with sectiona-l windings of insulated wire with contacts for connection at the end of each Winding. The apparatus functions by certain connections when used with a radio receiving set for receiving messages. The apparatus will be hereinafter particularly described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and pointed out in the appended claim.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1, is a view in side elevation of the device of my invention.

Fig. 2, is a central sectional view thereof.

Fig. 3, is an enlarged sectional view on line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4, is a diagrammatic View showing the device of my invention connected up in an aerial circuit.

Like characters of referencedesignate similar parts throughout the differentfigures of the drawing.

My invention consists of or comprises an apparatus to be used for electrical purposes and more particularly in the aerial circuit of a radio set, for improvement of radio reception.

I employ a metallic core of ring form and which, as shown, consists of sections 11 and 12, of laminated formation, the ring core, as shown in Fig. 3, being circular in cross sec tion. However, I do not Wish to be limited to this precise construction, as it is only important that the core beof. para magnetic metal and that it be ofsome type of endless form.

The invention involves two open circuit windings in superimposed relation with respect to each other'and the core, and I will designate one of said winding-s as the inner or aerial winding, and the other as the outer or receiver Winding. I will also designate those terminals of the windings forming the beginning of the first turns or convolutions as the starting terminals and those terminals ending the last turns or convolutions as the ending terminals.

Next referring specifically to F igl 3, I disand-onto the latter I dispose one additional layerof the aerial'winding, as indicated'at 16. Both layers consist'of a single length of suitably insulated wire which is wound about the periphery of the insulated core'in one direction. The starting terminal of this inner or aerial winding'is indicated at 9, in Fig; 2, such terminal being nearest the core, and terminal 9 is extended radially inwardly of the ring core and is connected with a contact 21. Contact 21, is adapted for connection with aerial 27, by'wire 26, as shown in Fig. 4. An ordinaryaerialbr an eleetric lighting circuit or system may be used as an aerial, if desired. The outer or ending terininal or the aerial'windin which is farthest from the core, is indicated at 8, and the same is'extended radially inwardly of the device and is connected with'a contact 22, which may be 'used for testing and other purposes butwhich is not utilized'when the device of my invention is functioning in a service'connection, asshown in Fig. 4.

I will next describe the outer or receiver winding and will refer to Fig. 3. I

Theinner winding is covered b insulation 17 about which I dispose the rst layer of the outer winding 18, the latter being covered by insulation 19. The last 'layer '20, of the'outer winding is disposed about the insulation 19, and this outer winding is formed of a single length of insulated'wire which is wound in the samedirection as the inner winding. Of course, it is not material in which direction the 'convolutions are wound, just so that both windings are wound in the same direction. I have designated the starting terminal of the outer windin which is that terminal nearest the core, at? the same being extended radially inwardly and being connected with a contact 2'3,'which is adapted for connection with the receiver set terminal 29, by wire 28, as shown in Fig. 4. The ending terminal of the outer winding is indicated at 6, and the same is shown connectd witha contact 24, which like contact 22, is used for te'sting'and other purposes but which is not connected up when the device is in service, as shown in Fig. 4.

It will thus be clear, as before stated, the

inner and outer windings are open circuit windings, and that the wave impulses travel radially outwardly of the device from the inner winding. From Fig. 2, it will be clear that the convolutions of the inner and outer windings are continued peripherally about the center of cross section of the core until the entire circumference ofthe core is built up, as shown, the same being generally indicated at 10. A suitable outer covering of insulating material 25, is employed as shown.

I will next describe the theory of opera- .tion to the best of my knowledge.

Alternations pass from the aerial into the inner or aerial winding, setting up a field, and from this Winding the alternations are induced into. the outer or receiver windin The presence of an iron core with two windings of wire, causes a large inductive effect, while the open windings cause the device to function as a condenser. Now by tuning the radio set, it is possible to so change the value of the inductance or capacity of the circuit, that one balances the other, and the current has its least opposition, and is therefore at its maximum value for a given frequency. This state of balanced inductance and capacitance is called resonance. 1 A station broadcasting at resonant frequency will be received, but all other stations above or below this frequency will not be received because the reactance of the circuit will be too large. The sustained oscillations at resonant frequency encounter an ideal path, due to the combined electromagnetic and condensance effect under which the aerial and its earth relations are held, while oscillations of no definite wave length caused by atmospheric conditions, artificial electrical disturbances, etc., encounter a large reactance, and the only part of these strays of the same wave length that do enter, are of so small a value that the reception is not disturbed and thus static is greatly minimized and sometimes entirely eliminated. Due to the novel association of the open I windings with the metal core, and the manner 'of connecting the windings with the aerial and receiver, the circuit is held undera high electro-magnetic effect, with the electrical inertia high, and the current received is strengthened and held as though passing through a metallic path, hence fading of the voice or'music is very rare, and a radio set will function with keener selectivity. Thus, fading in this respect is so i minimized that it is practically eliminated.

Thisselectivity is clearly shown by the fact that more than one radio receiver can be worked from one and the same aerial, re-

ceiving either the same or different broad casting stations without one receiver interfering with the reception of the other, or one receiver may be connected to the outside aerial, while the other receiver is connected to a light'circuit, as an aerial, receiving the same ,or different broadcasting stations at one and the same time without mutual interference.

Thus it will be seen that the device of my invention causes the presence of a greater inductance and capacity reactance in the circuit. When the inductance or capacity in the circuit is varied in tuning, resonance occurs for a given frequency and there is an increase of current in the aerial circuit with respect to the current normally received by the aerial, hence, amplification of reception is obtained.

An important feature is that by means of an endless metallic core, and with the turns of both windings made wholly in one direction, I get a continuous and cumulative magnetic flux which increases induction and prevents fiux interference.

It is also important to make the aerial and receiver connections with the windings at the starting terminals thereof because you thus connect the windings at points closest to the core and hence obtain a maximum efiect of the windings on the core. Because the windings are open, a condenser is formed, each winding acting as a condenser plate.

It is believed that the device of my invenion will be fully understood from the foregoing description, and while-I have herein shown one specific form of my invention, I do not wish to be limited thereto except for such limitations as the claims may import.

I claim:

1. In a device of the character described, a ring shaped magnetic core, an inner or aerial winding wound about said core throughout the circumference thereof and composed of a plurality of layers, and an outer or receiver winding of a plurality of layers wound about said inner winding, the

turns of both windings being continuously or receiver winding on said inner winding,

the turns of both windings being convoluted in one and the same direction from end to end to prevent opposition of flux, the ending terminals'of said windings being open and the starting terminals of the inner and outer windings being adapted for connection respectively with an aerial and a receiver.

In testimony whereof, I affix signature.

JOHN A. HANSON. 

